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Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Bannister & Thugge	International Trade and Poverty Alleviation How does trade liberalization affect the poor, and how can they be protected against its negative short-term effects?
Finance & Development June 1, 2000 Oussama Kanaan	Tanzania's Experience with Trade Liberalization After Tanzania's economy deteriorated during the 1970s and early 1980s, it took a series of bold steps to liberalize trade. How successful have these efforts been in improving its economic performance, and what lessons can other developing countries derive from Tanzania's experience?
Finance & Development June 1, 2000 Janet Stotsky, Esther Suss, & Stephen Tokarick	Trade Liberalization in the Caribbean Since the mid-1990s, the governments of Caribbean countries have demonstrated a firm commitment to trade liberalization. What steps have they taken, what have the results been, and what further steps should they consider taking?
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Hans Peter Lankes	Market Access for Developing Countries Poor countries could boost growth and reduce poverty by expanding exports to the rich countries and to each other. But, despite the progress made in trade liberalization under successive multilateral agreements, many barriers persist in both developing and industrial countries.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Berg & Krueger	Lifting All Boats: Why Openness Helps Curb Poverty It is important to assess the quality of the evidence regarding the links between openness, growth, and poverty reduction. This article provides a critical survey of recent studies.
Reason February 2006 Griswold, Slivinski & Preble	Six Reasons to Kill Farm Subsidies and Trade Barriers The time is ripe for unilaterally removing America's distorting agricultural trade policies. Here's how: 1. Lower Food Prices for American Families... 2. Lower Costs and Increased Exports for American Companies... etc.
Finance & Development March 2010 Henn & McDonald	Avoiding Protectionism So far the world has resisted widespread resort to trade measures, but the hardest part may be yet to come.
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Robert Sharer	An Agenda for Trade, Investment, and Regional Integration The importance of enhancing sub-Saharan Africa's trade performance, which was very weak in the 1980s and 1990s, cannot be overemphasized.
Finance & Development December 1, 2006 Gupta & Yang	Unblocking Trade To underpin growth, Africa needs to adopt a comprehensive approach to boosting trade. Only by adopting a holistic approach can African economies succeed.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Mahmood Hasan Khan	Rural Poverty in Developing Countries How does rural poverty develop, what accounts for its persistence, and what specific measures can be taken to eliminate or mitigate it?
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Evangelos A. Calamitsis	The Need for Stronger Domestic Policies and International Support Globalization is a powerful engine of world prosperity, and it is certainly here to stay. Income disparities remain large. The basic issue is what policies and reforms are most likely to bring about sustainable economic growth for the benefit of all the peoples of the world.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Anne McGuirk	The Doha Development Agenda The launch of a new trade round in Doha last November was a major breakthrough following the debacle in Seattle in 1999. The new round places the needs and interests of developing countries at the heart of its work, but a successful outcome is by no means a foregone conclusion.
Finance & Development March 2011 Helbling & Roache	Rising Prices on the Menu Higher food prices may be here to stay.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Ernesto Hernandez-Cata	Raising Growth and Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Can Be Done? Sub-Saharan Africa must increase economic growth to reduce poverty and improve living standards. This article discusses some obstacles to growth in the region, as well as some policy actions that would improve its prospects.
Finance & Development December 1, 2007 Dadush & Nielson	Governing Global Trade The multilateral system that has underpinned world trade for over 50 years is facing serious challenges.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Nora Lustig & Nicholas Stern	Broadening the Agenda for Poverty Reduction: Opportunity, Empowerment, Security Experience from the 1990s has led to a poverty reduction agenda that, in addition to promoting economic growth, addresses ingrained inequalities, institutional failures, social barriers, and other risks.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Dani Rodrik	Growth Versus Poverty Reduction: A Hollow Debate
Finance & Development March 2010	Hunger on the Rise World hunger spiked sharply in 2009, significantly worsening an already disappointing trend in global food security since 1996.
Finance & Development December 2009 Brad McDonald	Back to Basics: Why Countries Trade IF there is a point on which most economists agree, it is that trade among nations makes the world better off. Yet international trade can be one of the most contentious of political issues, both domestically and between governments.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Jose Angel Gurria	Mexico: Recent Developments, Structural Reforms, and Future Challenges In recent years, the Mexican government has implemented a series of economic reforms to strengthen the country's fundamentals and increase its ability to cope with external shocks. Because of the progress that has been made, the government is confident that Mexico will be able to leave recent crises behind and start the new millennium with a stable and growing economy.
Finance & Development June 1, 2001 Guy Pfeffermann	Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries: The Role of Private Enterprise The role of private enterprise in development has been neglected by scholars, governments, and aid organizations. This is regrettable: a vibrant private sector generates jobs, raises incomes, and makes better, cheaper goods and services available...
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Claudio M. Loser & Martine Guerguil	The Long Road to Financial Stability Most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the economic crises of the late 1990s better than expected, thanks to the policy reforms of the past two decades. Further reform is urgently needed, however, to put the region on a faster growth path and reduce its vulnerability to external shocks.
Finance & Development March 1, 2002 Kevin Watkins	Making Globalization Work for the Poor In the view of the IMF, the World Bank, and most northern governments, removing barriers to trade is one of the most powerful things that governments can do to give the poor a bigger stake in global prosperity...
Finance & Development September 2010 Helge Berger	Return to Form Germany's economy is again Europe's locomotive, but its export dependence is both a blessing and a curse
Finance & Development June 2010 Guillaume & Zytek	Reducing the Staggering Costs of Cheap Energy Eliminating domestic energy subsidies is tricky, but oil-exporting countries that do so will see a clear payoff.
Finance & Development March 1, 2006 Zagha, Nankani & Gill	Rethinking Growth Economists are reconsidering what they really know about economic growth and how to go about formulating global national policies in the absence of reliable models.
Finance & Development September 1, 2007 Aziz & Dunaway	China's Rebalancing Act China's economic miracle may be at risk unless the country relies more on domestic consumption.
AskMen.com Annie White	Why Does Food Cost So Much? I am at Whole Foods in Toronto, Canada, where I just bought two plums and a banana for almost $5.00.
Finance & Development March 2011 Alicia Barcena	Spreading the Wealth Poverty and inequality have declined in Latin America in recent years, but there is a lot more to do.
Finance & Development September 2010	Making a Breakthrough To accelerate progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, growth must happen in sectors that directly benefit the poor, such as agriculture.
Finance & Development March 2011 Nicolas Eyzaguirre	Sustaining Latin America's Transformation Building on recent successes, Latin America now has a chance to raise its profile in the global marketplace.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Adhikari & Yang	What Will WTO Membership Mean for China and Its Trading Partners? After 15 years of arduous negotiations, China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization. The opening of an economy as large as China's can be disruptive to some developing countries in the short run, but, in the long run, it should benefit not only China but also its trading partners.
Finance & Development March 1, 2006 Hausmann, Rodrik & Velasco	Getting the Diagnosis Right A new approach to economic reform: Because across-the-board reforms are politically difficult and have often failed to achieve growth, countries need to figure out the one or two most binding constraints on their economies and then focus on lifting those.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Leonardo Cardemil, Juan Carlos Di Tata, & Florencia Frantischek	Central America: Adjustment and Reforms in the 1990s Following a weak performance in the 1980s, the Central American economies experienced a turnaround in the 1990s as they adopted improved policies within a more stable political environment. Now, how can they best maintain macroeconomic stability, continue structural reforms, and strengthen social policies to maximize rates of economic growth and reduce the incidence of poverty?
Finance & Development September 1, 2005 Jean-Baptiste Compaore	Burkina Faso: Greater Capacity In Burkina Faso, only about 70% of aid committed by donors is effectively disbursed. Improving absorption capacity is crucial if a scaling up of aid is to be effective in growing its economy.
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Saavedra & Arias	Stuck in a Rut Avenues for combating persistent poverty and inequality in Latin America.
Food Processing September 2007 Cal Dooley	Power Lunch: Reform, don't just renew, the farm bill This country needs a farm bill that reduces excessive taxpayer-funded subsidies to wealthy farmers and eliminates agricultural market distortions.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Peter D. Sutherland	Why We Should Embrace Globalization For the first time, many companies are operating on a global basis. Although this change has raised fears among some people in both industrial and developing countries, it offers new and exciting opportunities for raising living standards worldwide.
Finance & Development September 2011	Unequal = Indebted Higher income inequality in developed countries is associated with higher domestic and foreign indebtedness.
Finance & Development March 1, 2001 Flemming Larsen	The IMF's Dialogue with Nongovernmental Organizations The IMF is responding to questions about its role in today's world economy by reaching out to civil society at large and to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in particular...
Finance & Development June 1, 2000 Hans Dieter Seibel	Agricultural Development Banks Close Them or Reform Them? Agricultural development banks were established to extend credit and other financial services to customers not considered creditworthy by commercial banks. Should these banks be closed or are they worth revamping?
Finance & Development September 2008 Gupta & Tareq	Mobilizing Revenue Strengthening domestic revenue bases is key to creating fiscal space for Africa's developmental needs
Finance & Development September 2008 Masood Ahmed	The Next Frontier Low-income countries gain ground in a globalized world, but they still face major challenges.
Finance & Development December 2011 Tanner & Restrepo	A Cushion for the Poor Commodity-exporting governments can reduce debt and still protect their least well off citizens
Finance & Development December 1, 2007 Simon Johnson	The (Food) Price of Success Higher global demand for calories brings inflationary pressure and more.
Finance & Development June 2011	Esprit de Currency The IMF and WTO must pull together to iron out exchange rate policy disputes.
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Paul Chabrier	Growth Strategy for North Africa: A Regional Approach Independent business surveys show that private investors generally feel that the business environment in the region has many serious problems, such as excessive red tape and weak domestic institutions---particularly the legal and judicial systems.
Finance & Development September 1, 2001 Christian Keller & Peter S. Heller	Social Sector Reform in Transition Countries Transition countries need to reform their social sectors to promote the welfare of their citizens and spur economic growth. In part, this means building up and redesigning social safety nets and addressing problems. It also requires cutting some benefits and privileges...
Finance & Development June 1, 2006 Burton et al.	Asia's Winds of Change The path that Asian countries have traveled to growth and prosperity in the past 50 years will remain relevant for the future -- the embrace of openness, the commitment to macroeconomic stability, and the drive to adapt and reform in response to changing circumstances.
Finance & Development September 1, 2007 Li Cui	China's Growing External Dependence The country's economic fortunes are increasingly tied to those of the global economy.