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Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Davis, Ossowski, Daniel & Barnett	Oil Funds: Problems Posing as Solutions? Heavy dependence on oil revenues---which are volatile and unpredictable, and will, sooner or later, dry up---greatly complicates a country's fiscal policy. To tackle these problems, many oil-producing countries are setting up oil funds. But are these really a solution, or just a problem posing as one?
Finance & Development June 2010 Arezki & Bruckner	Debt and Democracy Democracies use windfalls from international commodity price booms to reduce external debt. Autocracies tend to spend them.
Finance & Development March 1, 2003 Barnett & Ossowski	What Goes Up... Why oil-producing states must husband their resources
Finance & Development December 2011 Arezki et al.	Less Volatile than Meets the Eye Contrary to popular wisdom, commodity prices can be more stable than those of manufactured products
Finance & Development December 1, 2002 Kose & Prasad	Thinking Big How can small states hold their own in an increasingly globalized economy?
Finance & Development June 2009 Horton & El-Ganainy	Back to Basics: What Is Fiscal Policy? What is fiscal policy? And, how can fiscal tools provide a boost to the world economy?
Finance & Development September 2011	Fiscal Neighbors Canada and the United States confronted growing budget deficits and public debt but the results differed.
Finance & Development June 2011	Beyond Retirees How countries change their pension systems and whether they do it in tandem have major implications for global economic health.
Finance & Development March 2011 Nicolas Eyzaguirre	Sustaining Latin America's Transformation Building on recent successes, Latin America now has a chance to raise its profile in the global marketplace.
Finance & Development December 2009 Baldacci & Gupta	Fiscal Expansions: What Works There is a firm link between the composition of fiscal policy and the length of a financial crisis.
Finance & Development September 2010 Helge Berger	Return to Form Germany's economy is again Europe's locomotive, but its export dependence is both a blessing and a curse
Finance & Development March 1, 2003 Eifert et al.	Managing Oil Wealth The political economy of oil-exporting countries -- why some of them have done so poorly
Finance & Development June 2009 Eyzaguirre et al.	Latin America: When Is Fiscal Stimulus Right? For some Latin American countries stimulus is appropriate during the global economic crisis. But for others the answer is less clear.
Finance & Development June 1, 2000 Paul Cashin & Catherine Pattillo	The Duration of Terms of Trade Shocks in Sub-Saharan Africa A characteristic common to the commodity-exporting developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa is that movement in their terms of trade is a key determinant of macroeconomic performance and has an important impact on real national incomes. However, there are marked differences across these countries in the typical duration of terms of trade shocks.
Finance & Development December 2009 Eswar Prasad	Rebalancing Growth in Asia Asian emerging markets can improve their economic welfare by rebalancing growth toward domestic demand.
Finance & Development March 2009 Carlo Cottarelli	Paying the Piper The role of medium-term fiscal policy in rebounding from the crisis.
Finance & Development June 2010 Linda Yueh	A Stronger China China can emerge from the crisis stronger if it increases domestic demand and promotes global integration.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Claudio M. Loser & Martine Guerguil	The Long Road to Financial Stability Most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the economic crises of the late 1990s better than expected, thanks to the policy reforms of the past two decades. Further reform is urgently needed, however, to put the region on a faster growth path and reduce its vulnerability to external shocks.
Finance & Development June 1, 2005 Peter Heller	Back to Basics -- Fiscal Space: What It Is and How to Get It Although the term is new, the concept is not. It has long been an element of sound fiscal analysis. And the challenge of creating fiscal space is one that has always confronted governments and their advisors, including international financial institutions like the IMF.
Finance & Development September 1, 2007 Aziz & Dunaway	China's Rebalancing Act China's economic miracle may be at risk unless the country relies more on domestic consumption.
Finance & Development September 2009 Francesco Giavazzi	Growth after the Crisis If the world economy is to recover, a replacement must be found for the newly frugal U.S. consumer.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Jose Angel Gurria	Mexico: Recent Developments, Structural Reforms, and Future Challenges In recent years, the Mexican government has implemented a series of economic reforms to strengthen the country's fundamentals and increase its ability to cope with external shocks. Because of the progress that has been made, the government is confident that Mexico will be able to leave recent crises behind and start the new millennium with a stable and growing economy.
Finance & Development March 1, 2001 Martin Muhleisen & Hamid Faruqee	Japan: Population Aging and the Fiscal Challenge With Japan facing a demographic crisis, government finances--stretched to the limit to keep the economy afloat--have to cope with the rising strain on public pension and health systems. This article looks at the economic and fiscal costs of aging in Japan...
Finance & Development June 2009	Still the Bottom Billion Glenn Gottselig interviews Oxford economist Paul Collier.
Finance & Development December 2010 Baldacci et al.	Getting Debt under Control In dealing with the aftermath of the Great Recession, policymakers must pay attention to the mix of austerity policies.
Finance & Development June 1, 2002 Emanuele Baldacci	Financial Crises, Poverty, and Income Distribution How do financial crises affect income distribution and the poor? A recent IMF study shows that poverty rises and, in some cases, so does inequality -- underscoring the need for adequate and flexible safety nets, ideally in place before crises strike.
Finance & Development December 2011 Antoinette Sayeh	The Quality of Growth The questions that continually nag at me concern the quality of this growth in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, is it inclusive -- are the poor and the young benefiting -- and is it sustainable?
Finance & Development March 1, 2003 Cashin et al.	Commodity Currencies Developing countries reliant on commodity exports see the fate of their exchange rates tied to fickle commodity markets
Finance & Development March 1, 2008 Helbling et al.	Riding a Wave Soaring commodity prices -- especially those of oil, nickel, tin, corn, and wheat -- has brought a sea change to the commodities landscape. Trade policies should be adjusted for better efficiency.
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala	Point of View: Nigeria's Shot at Redemption Nigeria squandered its oil windfall of the 1970s, which led to three decades of economic stagnation and the degradation of public institutions. Can they turning their current oil windfall into a blessing?
Finance & Development September 2011 Laurence Ball et al.	Painful Medicine Although advanced economies need medium-run fiscal consolidation, slamming on the brakes too quickly will hurt incomes and job prospects.
Finance & Development March 2011 Alicia Barcena	Spreading the Wealth Poverty and inequality have declined in Latin America in recent years, but there is a lot more to do.
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Ivanic & Martin	Ensuring Food Security Trade policy must be complemented by other measures to ensure food is available to all.
Finance & Development September 1, 2007 Jonathan Anderson	Solving China's Rebalancing Puzzle The trends most likely to drive corporate earnings and the trade surplus back to more sustainable levels over the next few years are the gradual end of excess capacity growth, the subsequent return of net import demand, and lower overall GDP growth.
Finance & Development December 2010 Dao & Loungani	The Tragedy of Unemployment Governments can do more to alleviate joblessness and its human costs.
Finance & Development September 1, 2007 Li Cui	China's Growing External Dependence The country's economic fortunes are increasingly tied to those of the global economy.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Catherine L. Mann	Is the U.S. Current Account Deficit Sustainable? The U.S. current account deficit, driven by the United States' widening trade deficit, is the largest it has ever been, both as a share of the U.S. economy and in dollar terms. How much longer can the United States continue to spend more than it earns and support the resumption of global growth?
Finance & Development March 1, 2006 Zagha, Nankani & Gill	Rethinking Growth Economists are reconsidering what they really know about economic growth and how to go about formulating global national policies in the absence of reliable models.
Finance & Development September 1, 2000 Robert A. Feldman & C. Maxwell Watson	Central Europe: From Transition to EU Membership The Central European countries have made considerable progress with the transition to a market economy and now face the challenge of developing macroeconomic policy frameworks on the road to EU accession.
Finance & Development September 2010 Kevin Cheng	The Long Run Is Near France, like many advanced economies, confronts the expensive needs of a rapidly aging population
Finance & Development June 2009 Marek Belka	Europe Under Stress The global economic crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union
Finance & Development June 1, 2001 Ronald McKinnon	Can the World Economy Afford U.S. Tax Cuts? The international dollar standard redux...
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Singh & Collyns	Latin America's Resurgence Latin America's recent resurgence amid continuing favorable external conditions provides another historic opportunity for the region to catalyze its considerable natural and human capital resources into sustained and higher growth.
Finance & Development September 2011 Celine Allard	More Europe, Not Less The euro area is learning from its debt crisis that it needs a more centralized approach to fiscal and financial policies.
Finance & Development June 1, 2005 dos Santos	Brazil's Remarkable Journey Latin America's largest economy is finally reaping the benefits of reforms.
Finance & Development March 2009 Lipschitz et al.	The Domestic Solution Can China's growth be sustained through good-neighbor policies?
Finance & Development December 2009 Tanner & Abdih	Rebuilding U.S. Wealth A world that frets about lost consumer demand should also worry whether newly frugal U.S. households will save enough.
Finance & Development March 1, 2003 Jbili & Kramarenko	Should MENA Countries Float or Peg? As they open up their economies, MENA countries may need to rethink their exchange rate regimes
Finance & Development December 2011 Florence Jaumotte	Fixing the Flaws in EMU The euro area's long-term survival requires a fundamental transformation of policymaking
Finance & Development September 2009 Carlo Cottarelli & Jose Vinals	Looking Ahead Countries must begin now to devise economic strategies to accompany the recovery.