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American Family Physician June 15, 2002 A. Kesh Hebbar	Management of Common Arrhythmias: Part I. Supraventricular Arrhythmias Family physicians frequently encounter patients with symptoms that could be related to cardiac arrhythmias, most commonly atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardias.
American Family Physician July 15, 2002 Dana E. King	Acute Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Part I. Rate and Rhythm Control Atrial fibrillation is the arrhythmia most commonly encountered in family practice. Initial treatment is directed at controlling the ventricular rate. Medical or electrical cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm is the next step in patients who remain in atrial fibrillation.
American Family Physician February 15, 2005 Allan V. Abbott	Diagnostic Approach to Palpitations An increased or abnormal awareness of the heartbeat, palpitations are a common symptom in patients presenting to family physicians. Palpitations can be symptomatic of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
American Family Physician April 15, 2006 Eric L. Anderson	Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a disorder in which normal myocardium is replaced by fibrofatty tissue. This disorder usually involves the right ventricle, but the left ventricle and septum also may be affected.
American Family Physician April 15, 2003 Adan & Crown	Diagnosis and Treatment of Sick Sinus Syndrome Sick sinus syndrome comprises a variety of conditions involving sinus node dysfunction and commonly affects elderly persons. While the syndrome can have many causes, it usually is idiopathic.
American Family Physician April 15, 2005 Gabriel Gregoratos	Indications and Recommendations for Pacemaker Therapy The indications for pacemaker therapy have expanded in the past 45 years and now include the treatment of bradyarrhythmias and the electrical therapy of tachyarrhythmias, certain types of syncope, and advanced heart failure.
American Family Physician December 1, 2003 Lyle A. Siddoway	Amiodarone: Guidelines for Use and Monitoring Amiodarone is a potent antiarrhythmic agent that is used to treat ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation. The drug prevents the recurrence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and produces a modest reduction of sudden deaths in high-risk patients.
Nursing September 2009 AnneMarie Palatnik	Too fast, too slow, too ugly: Dysrhythmias that every nurse should recognize Learn how to recognize an abnormal cardiac rhythm and intervene appropriately.
American Family Physician July 15, 2000 Showkat A. Haji	Update on Digoxin Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure is a progressive disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the incidence and prevalence of congestive heart failure have increased in recent years...
American Family Physician October 15, 2005 Miller & Kruse	Evaluation of Syncope Though relatively common, syncope is a complex presenting symptom defined by a transient loss of consciousness, usually accompanied by falling, and with spontaneous recovery. Syncope must be carefully differentiated from other conditions that may cause a loss of consciousness or falling.
American Family Physician March 1, 2006 Satpathy et al.	Diagnosis and Management of Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure With early diagnosis and proper management the prognosis of diastolic dysfunction is more favorable than that of systolic dysfunction. Distinguishing diastolic from systolic heart failure is essential because the optimal therapy for one may aggravate the other.
American Family Physician September 15, 2001	Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure Caused by Systolic Dysfunction: Part II. Treatment Treatment recommendations for patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction...
American Family Physician August 1, 2003 Meyer et al.	Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome: Importance of the Long QT Syndrome In approximately 5 percent of sudden cardiac deaths, no demonstrable anatomic abnormality is found. Some cases are caused by sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. A prolonged QT interval is a common thread among the various entities associated with sudden arrhythmia death syndrome.
American Journal of Nursing May 2009 Kristen J. Overbaugh	Acute Coronary Syndrome Coronary artery disease, in which atherosclerotic plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries and restricts the flow of blood (and therefore the delivery of oxygen) to the heart, continues to be the number-one killer of Americans.
American Family Physician March 1, 2007 Flood & Fleisher	Preparation of the Cardiac Patient for Noncardiac Surgery Perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who have noncardiac surgery.
American Family Physician October 15, 2000 Patricia A. Howard & Edward F. Ellerbeck	Optimizing Beta-Blocker Use After Myocardial Infarction Although beta-adrenergic blockers can significantly reduce mortality after a myocardial infarction, these agents are prescribed to only a minority of patients...
American Family Physician November 15, 2000 Tarik M. Ramahi	Beta Blocker Therapy for Chronic Heart Failure Recent studies have shown that beta blocker therapy improves survival and reduces hospitalizations in patients who have chronic heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction...
American Family Physician June 1, 2004 Gutierrez & Blanchard	Diastolic Heart Failure: Challenges of Diagnosis and Treatment The outcomes of ongoing clinical trials may provide much-needed information about diastolic heart failure to move from intuitive treatment to therapy based on evidence that matters: decreased morbidity and mortality and improved quality of life.
American Family Physician November 15, 2006 Fletcher, Mills & Taylor	Update on Exercise Stress Testing Exercise stress testing is an important diagnostic tool for the evaluation of suspected or known cardiac disease.
Nursing June 2010 Daniel A. Hussar	New drugs 2010, part 2 In this article, you'll learn about 14 recently marketed new drugs.
American Family Physician September 1, 2001 William E. Chavey	Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure Caused by Systolic Dysfunction Part I: Guideline development, etiology and diagnosis...
American Family Physician December 1, 2004 Steven A. Dosh	Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Adults The evaluation of symptomatic patients with suspected heart failure is directed at confirming the diagnosis, determining the cause, identifying concomitant illnesses, establishing the severity of heart failure, and guiding therapy.
Nursing June 2011 Daniel A. Hussar	New Drugs 2011: Part 2 In this article, you'll learn about seven recently approved drugs, including: fingolimod hydrochloride, an oral drug indicated to treat patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.
American Family Physician December 1, 2004 McConaghy & Smith	Outpatient Treatment of Systolic Heart Failure Optimal outpatient treatment of systolic heart failure has three goals that should be pursued simultaneously: (1) control of risk factors for the development and progression of heart failure, (2) treatment of heart failure, and (3) education of patients.
American Family Physician December 1, 2000 William E. Chavey	The Importance of Beta Blockers in the Treatment of Heart Failure Traditionally, beta blockers have been considered to be contraindicated in patients with heart failure. Recently, however, several large randomized, controlled mortality trials have been stopped early because of the effects of beta blockers...
American Family Physician August 1, 2002 Daphne P. Bicket	Using ACE Inhibitors Appropriately Although angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have documented clinical benefits in a variety of clinical situations, the disparity between the evidence from clinical trials and bedside medicine is well documented.
Nurse Practitioner February 2010 Andrews et al.	ARVC: Help prevent sudden death Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is a dangerous condition that can cause sudden death.
Nursing March 2009 Kate J. Morse	Focusing on the Surgical Patient with Cardiac Problems Learn about the latest guidelines for assessing cardiac risk and protecting his heart during noncardiac surgery.
American Family Physician July 15, 2002 Dana E. King	Acute Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Part II. Prevention of Thromboembolic Complications Family physicians should be familiar with the acute management of atrial fibrillation and the initiation of chronic therapy for this common arrhythmia. Part II of this two-part article focuses on the prevention of thromboembolic complications using anticoagulation.
Nursing February 2010 Daniel A. Hussar	New Drugs 2010, PART 1 In this article, you'll learn about 16 new drugs.
American Family Physician November 15, 2002 Bernard M. Karnath	Preoperative Cardiac Risk Assessment Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. An important subset of heart disease is perioperative myocardial infarction, which affects approximately 50,000 persons each year.
American Family Physician August 1, 2002 Mark W. Niedfeldt	Managing Hypertension in Athletes and Physically Active Patients Athletes and other physically active patients should be screened for hypertension and given appropriate therapy if needed.
American Family Physician April 15, 2004 Mark H. Ebell, M.D., M.S.	Preoperative Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery The physician should assess the patient's preoperative risk factors and the risks associated with the planned surgery.
American Journal of Nursing November 2011 Christine L. Cutugno	The 'Graying' of Trauma Care: Addressing Traumatic Injury in Older Adults Evidence-based strategies for managing trauma and its complications in this population.
American Family Physician October 15, 2006 Mark H. Ebell	Point-of-Care Guides Clinical Question: What is the prognosis and recommended initial evaluation for a patient with syncope?... Evidence Summary: Although syncope often is benign, it may have a serious underlying cause...
Nursing March 2012 Daniel A. Hussar	New Drugs 2012: part I In this article, you'll learn about 11 recently approved drugs.
American Family Physician June 1, 2001 Benjamin Shipton & Haney Wahba	Valvular Heart Disease: Review and Update People with valvular heart disease are living longer, with less morbidity, than ever before. Advances in surgical techniques and a better understanding of timing for surgical intervention account for increased rates of survival...
American Family Physician November 15, 2001 Melvin D. Cheitlin	Surgery for Chronic Aortic Regurgitation: When Should It Be Considered? This article discusses the pathophysiologic basis of the signs and symptoms of aortic regurgitation, with the purpose of providing practical recommendations to help physicians determine when surgical intervention is necessary
Nurse Practitioner October 2008 Karen Lieberman	Interpreting 12-Lead ECGs: A Piece by Piece Analysis The key to sound ECG interpretation is using a systematic method and lots of practice.
Nursing September 2011 Jacqueline Harden	Take a cool look at therapeutic hypothermia Therapeutic hypothermia may help prevent or minimize neurologic impairment in certain patients after cardiac arrest. This article takes a look at when TH is used and how to care for patients who are undergoing this intervention.
American Family Physician December 1, 2000 Assad Movahed	Beta Blockers and Congestive Heart Failure Heart failure is a complex condition, and its treatment requires consideration of two separate goals: symptom relief and tertiary prevention...
American Family Physician July 15, 2000 Mitchell S. King	Preoperative Evaluation The purpose of a preoperative evaluation is not to "clear" patients for elective surgery, but rather to evaluate and, if necessary, implement measures to prepare higher risk patients for surgery...
Nursing February 2009 Daniel A. Hussar	New Drugs 09: Part 1 Learn about 10 new drugs, including nebivolol HCl, the newest beta-adrenergic blocking agent for hypertension.
American Family Physician May 15, 2002 Robert H. Shackelford	Diary from a Week in Practice Beware the "quiet child!"... It is important for every patient to feel comfortable with their health care professional and to have the choice of who they see... etc.
American Family Physician September 15, 2000 Anne D. Walling, M.D.	Family Practice International Notes from international family physicians' journals: Traumatic Coronary Artery Damage... Morton's Neuroma... Diagnosing Acute Dyspnea...
American Family Physician July 1, 2005 Achar, Kundu & Norcross	Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome Differentiating acute coronary syndrome from noncardiac chest pain is the primary diagnostic challenge. The initial assessment requires a focused history (including risk factor analysis), a physical examination, an ECG and, frequently, serum cardiac marker determinations.
American Journal of Nursing January 2012 Robert Allan Davis	The Big Chill: Accidental Hypothermia A potential cause of such emergent issues as cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, and fluid and electrolyte shifts, accidental hypothermia can be deadly, is common among trauma patients, and is often difficult to recognize.
Managed Care November 2007 Thomas Morrow	Cryoablation for Atrial Flutter Requires No Anesthesia Compared with radiofrequency ablation, this technique has some advantages and it should be acceptable to managed care plans.
Nursing November 2006 Guy Goldich	Understanding the 12-Lead ECG, Part I Find how the ECG translates the heart's electrical activity into a waveform and what it tells you about your patient's condition.
Nursing March 2010 Peg Gray-Vickrey	Gathering pearls of knowledge for assessing older adults If you attended nursing school more than 10 years ago, you may have received limited education about gerontological nursing. But as baby boomers age, this is becoming an increasingly important area of nursing practice.