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American Family Physician November 1, 2003 Zoorob & Campbell	Acute Dyspnea in the Office Shortness of breath, or dyspnea, is a common problem in the outpatient primary care setting. Establishing a diagnosis can be challenging because dyspnea appears in multiple diagnostic categories. Underlying disorders range from the relatively simple to the more serious.
American Family Physician November 15, 2005 William E. Cayley	Diagnosing the Cause of Chest Pain Distinguishing between serious and benign causes of chest pain is imperative, and diagnostic and prognostic questions are important in making this determination.
American Family Physician July 15, 2000 Mitchell S. King	Preoperative Evaluation The purpose of a preoperative evaluation is not to "clear" patients for elective surgery, but rather to evaluate and, if necessary, implement measures to prepare higher risk patients for surgery...
American Journal of Nursing May 2009 Kristen J. Overbaugh	Acute Coronary Syndrome Coronary artery disease, in which atherosclerotic plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries and restricts the flow of blood (and therefore the delivery of oxygen) to the heart, continues to be the number-one killer of Americans.
American Family Physician April 15, 2005 Karnani, Reisfield & Wilson	Evaluation of Chronic Dyspnea Chronic dyspnea is defined as dyspnea lasting more than one month. Information is presented on diagnosis, assessment and treatment for chronic dyspnea.
American Family Physician May 1, 2001 Trenton D. Nauser & Steven W. Stites	Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension Regardless of the etiology, unrelieved pulmonary hypertension can lead to right-sided heart failure. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension are often subtle and nonspecific...
American Family Physician July 1, 2005 Achar, Kundu & Norcross	Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome Differentiating acute coronary syndrome from noncardiac chest pain is the primary diagnostic challenge. The initial assessment requires a focused history (including risk factor analysis), a physical examination, an ECG and, frequently, serum cardiac marker determinations.
American Family Physician December 1, 2004 Steven A. Dosh	Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Adults The evaluation of symptomatic patients with suspected heart failure is directed at confirming the diagnosis, determining the cause, identifying concomitant illnesses, establishing the severity of heart failure, and guiding therapy.
Nursing March 2009 Kate J. Morse	Focusing on the Surgical Patient with Cardiac Problems Learn about the latest guidelines for assessing cardiac risk and protecting his heart during noncardiac surgery.
Nursing April 2009 Pruitt & Lawson	What You Need to Know About Venous Thromboembolism Do you know how to recognize and respond to this potentially life-threatening emergency?
American Family Physician November 1, 2006 Lyon & Clark	Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain in Older Patients Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in older patients, but may be difficult to diagnose. Here are some common causes of abdominal pain in old patients and recommendations for treatment.
American Family Physician November 15, 2006 Fletcher, Mills & Taylor	Update on Exercise Stress Testing Exercise stress testing is an important diagnostic tool for the evaluation of suspected or known cardiac disease.
Nursing December 2009 Vincent M. Vacca	On the Alert for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Progressive and ultimately fatal, pulmonary arterial hypertension is a disease of the pulmonary arterial vasculature with no known cause.
American Family Physician July 1, 2000 Anne D. Walling, M.D.	Family Practice International Depression in Young Adults... Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer... Acute Appendicitis in Pregnancy...
Nurse Practitioner November 2010 Ronald Lee Tyson	Diagnosis and treatment of abdominal angina Abdominal angina refers to pain or discomfort in the gut when the blood supply to the tissues and organs of digestion has been compromised in some manner
American Family Physician March 1, 2003 James C. Higgins	The 'Crashing Asthmatic' Asthma is one of the most common chronic disorders managed by family physicians. A "crashing asthmatic" is a patient with asthma who is clinically deteriorating into respiratory failure or arrest despite initial treatment. Managing such a patient can be a major challenge.
American Family Physician July 1, 2000 Abilio Munoz	Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis usually occurs as a result of alcohol abuse or bile duct obstruction. A careful review of the patient's history and appropriate laboratory studies can help the physician identify the etiology of the condition and guide management.
American Family Physician July 15, 2000 Valerie Palda	Editorials PRE-OPportunity Knocks: A Different Way to Think About the Preoperative Evaluation...
Nursing January 2010 Brenner & Krenzer	Understanding acute pancreatitis Mr. White has classic signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis. The onset is usually abrupt, often occurring after a large meal or excessive alcohol use.
American Family Physician January 15, 2004 Mark H. Ebell	Suspected Pulmonary Embolism: Part I How can the history and physical examination help physicians diagnose pulmonary embolism?
American Family Physician February 15, 2005 Allan V. Abbott	Diagnostic Approach to Palpitations An increased or abnormal awareness of the heartbeat, palpitations are a common symptom in patients presenting to family physicians. Palpitations can be symptomatic of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
American Family Physician January 15, 2003 Udobi et al.	Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Family physicians can play an essential role in the early recognition of ARDS and contribute to the multispecialty team required to manage this life-threatening condition. This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology, management, and prognosis of ARDS.
American Family Physician July 15, 2000 Mark A. Van Kooy	Postobstructive Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary edema is a potentially life-threatening complication of acute airway obstruction. It develops rapidly, without warning, in persons who are otherwise well. Two forms of postobstructive pulmonary edema (POPE) have been identified...
Nursing October 2009 John J. Gallagher	Taking aim at ARDS Among many complications that threaten a critically ill patient is a potentially fatal syndrome of lung inflammation and injury: acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Nurse Practitioner May 2011 Chris Garvey	Best Practices in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, treatable, and often progressive disorder characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.
Nurse Practitioner November 2009 Ann Marie Hart	Treatment Strategies for Cough Illnesses in Adults Adults who experience a cough for 2 or more weeks along with vomiting or an inspiratory whooping sound should be evaluated and tested for B. pertussis infection.
American Journal of Nursing March 2012 Corbridge et al.	An Evidence-Based Approach to COPD: Part 1 This article, the first in a two-part series on COPD, outlines current guidelines and other evidence-based recommendations on diagnosing and managing stable COPD in the outpatient setting.
American Family Physician May 15, 2002 Robert H. Shackelford	Diary from a Week in Practice Beware the "quiet child!"... It is important for every patient to feel comfortable with their health care professional and to have the choice of who they see... etc.
American Family Physician August 1, 2004 Wiviott & Braunwald	Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Part I. Initial Evaluation and Management, and Hospital Care Because of the scope of the problem, it is important for family physicians to understand the diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of this syndrome.
American Family Physician October 1, 2006 Freeman & Shulman	Kawasaki Disease: Summary of the American Heart Association Guidelines Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of childhood that predominantly affects the coronary arteries. The etiology of Kawasaki disease remains unknown, although an infectious agent is strongly suspected based on clinical and epidemiologic features.
American Family Physician June 15, 2002 A. Kesh Hebbar	Management of Common Arrhythmias: Part I. Supraventricular Arrhythmias Family physicians frequently encounter patients with symptoms that could be related to cardiac arrhythmias, most commonly atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardias.
American Family Physician November 1, 2000 Jimmy D. Miller	Acute Brachial Plexus Neuritis: An Uncommon Cause of Shoulder Pain Patients with acute brachial plexus neuritis are often misdiagnosed as having cervical radiculopathy. Acute brachial plexus neuritis is an uncommon disorder characterized by severe shoulder and upper arm pain followed by marked upper arm weakness...
American Family Physician September 15, 2000 Doris L. Wethers, M.D.	Sickle Cell Disease in Childhood Part II. Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Complications and Recent Advances in Treatment
American Family Physician January 1, 2001 J. David Osguthorpe	Adult Rhinosinusitis: Diagnosis and Management Rhinosinusitis can be divided among four subtypes: acute, recurrent acute, subacute and chronic, based on patient history and a limited physical examination. In most instances, therapy is initiated based on this classification...
Nursing September 2009 AnneMarie Palatnik	Too fast, too slow, too ugly: Dysrhythmias that every nurse should recognize Learn how to recognize an abnormal cardiac rhythm and intervene appropriately.
American Family Physician August 15, 2001 Melissa H. Hunter	COPD: Management of Acute Exacerbations and Chronic Stable Disease Outpatient management of patients with stable COPD should be directed at improving quality of life by preventing acute exacerbations, relieving symptoms and slowing the progressive deterioration of lung function...
American Family Physician June 15, 2002 A. Kesh Hebbar	Management of Common Arrhythmias: Part II. Ventricular Arrhythmias and Arrhythmias in Special Populations Patients with established heart disease and premature ventricular complexes have a higher likelihood of developing ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.
American Journal of Nursing November 2011 Christine L. Cutugno	The 'Graying' of Trauma Care: Addressing Traumatic Injury in Older Adults Evidence-based strategies for managing trauma and its complications in this population.
American Family Physician July 15, 2006 Mehta et al.	Opportunities to Improve Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease Family physicians play a crucial role in instituting evidence-based preventive sickle cell care strategies, initiating timely treatment of acute illness, recognizing life-threatening episodes, and providing a medical home for multidisciplinary management.
American Family Physician April 1, 2004 Nina Solenski	Transient Ischemic Attacks: Part I. Diagnosis and Evaluation Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is no longer considered a benign event but, rather, a critical harbinger of impending stroke.
Nursing April 2010 Michelle D. Smeltzer	Making a point about open fractures This article describes fractures, explains the difference between open and closed fractures, and tells how to care for a patient who's had an open fracture.
Nursing August 2010 Bartley & Shiflett	Handle older trauma patients with care Your comprehensive understanding of how age-related changes can affect outcomes during and after trauma will help your patients recover to the fullest extent possible.
Nursing January 2010 Susan Simmons	Guillain-Barre syndrome: A nursing nightmare that usually ends well GBS is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis; its most common presentation is characterized by ascending, symmetric paralysis that usually affects the cranial nerves and the autonomic nervous system.
American Family Physician May 15, 2002 Doug Knutson & Chad Braun	Diagnosis and Management of Acute Bronchitis Acute bronchitis is one of the top 10 conditions for which patients seek medical care. Because acute bronchitis most often has a viral cause, symptomatic treatment with protussives, antitussives, or bronchodilators is appropriate...
American Family Physician November 15, 2001 Robert H. Shackelford	Diary from a Week in Practice Patient loyalty and emergency measures... Four-gallon-bag prescription regimen reduced to one avoids potential self-medicating errors... etc.
Nurse Practitioner October 2008 Karen Lieberman	Interpreting 12-Lead ECGs: A Piece by Piece Analysis The key to sound ECG interpretation is using a systematic method and lots of practice.
American Family Physician December 1, 2000	Letters to the Editor Osteopathic Medicine in the Treatment of Low Back Pain...
American Family Physician April 15, 2006 Eric L. Anderson	Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a disorder in which normal myocardium is replaced by fibrofatty tissue. This disorder usually involves the right ventricle, but the left ventricle and septum also may be affected.
American Family Physician August 1, 2004 Wiviott & Braunwald	Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Part II. Coronary Revascularization, Hospital Discharge, and Post-Hospital Care In patients hospitalized with UA/NSTEMI, one of the most important decisions is the early strategy of care regarding coronary angiography and revascularization.
American Family Physician March 15, 2002 Khalid Almoosa	Is Thrombolytic Therapy Effective for Pulmonary Embolism? No evidence from clinical trials proves that thrombolytic therapy reduces the recurrence rate of pulmonary embolism or affects mortality in hemodynamically stable patients...