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Technology Research News November 5, 2003 Eric Smalley	Crystal fiber goes distance Making fiber-optic lines that are hollow is one step toward more efficient telecommunications. Making lines that are full of holes goes further. Lots of regularly spaced holes bend light, which keeps it on the straight and narrow.
Technology Research News March 24, 2004	Irregular layout sharpens light Aperiodic photonic crystal could improve devices that shape, detect and filter light, including communications devices like photodetectors, demultiplexers, which sort wavelengths of light, and channel drop filters, which filter out different wavelengths.
Technology Research News February 11, 2004	Magnets tune photonic crystal Researchers from Fudan University in China have found that it is possible to use a magnetic field to quickly shift or block certain frequencies of electromagnetic signals passing through photonic crystals made from semiconductor material.
Technology Research News July 2, 2003	Tiny T splits light Researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology have designed a compact photonic crystal multiplexer that splits a lightwave into two slightly different colors.
Technology Research News March 10, 2004	Patterned fiber makes tiny scope Researchers from the University of Sydney in Australia have found a way to make an endoscope that's a dozen times smaller than today's 10-millimeter versions. The technology should make it possible to image areas that are inaccessible today.
Technology Research News July 28, 2004 Eric Smalley	Photonic chips go 3D Computer chips made from photonic crystal promise better communications equipment and ultrafast, all-optical computers
Reactive Reports Issue 33 David Bradley	Two-faced Liquid Crystals A new class of programmable liquid crystals could be used to make variable optical filters for laboratory instrumentation and digital cameras; they might even be used to treat dyslexia.
Technology Research News April 9, 2003	Liquid crystals go 3D Researchers from Sheffield University in England and the University of Pennsylvania have unlocked some of the secrets of liquid crystals, materials that self-assemble into lattices of geometric shapes that are neither solid nor liquid, but somewhere between.
Technology Research News November 3, 2004	Photonic Crystal Lasers Juiced Researchers have made a photonic crystal laser that is driven by electric current. The device could eventually be used as a source of single photons for quantum cryptography and communications devices.
Technology Research News November 19, 2003 Eric Smalley	Switch promises optical chips Computers have historically been electronic rather than photonic because lightwaves, while great for sending signals over long distances, are controlled by equipment that has proven difficult to shrink to computer chip scale. The rise of photonic crystals promises to narrow the gap.
Technology Research News February 9, 2005	Lens design promises tight spots A new photonic crystal lens can focus near-field light to a spot one-quarter of the light's wavelength. The device can be used to make smaller, faster computer chips and memory. It could also be used in super-resolution microscopes.
Technology Research News June 1, 2005	Lasers Built Into Fiber-Optics Researchers have crossed a gas-filled fiber optic laser with ordinary fiber optics to make a Raman laser and a frequency stabilizer -- devices that provide precise control of laser beams.
CIO May 15, 2003 John Edwards	Looking-Glass Fiber Don't look now, but a new low-loss optical fiber -- featuring a mirrored core -- can conduct an intense stream of laser light that would melt an ordinary fiber.
Chemistry World May 19, 2011 Jon Cartwright	Liquid crystals spot bacteria to order Liquid crystals could one day be used as bio-sensors, detecting the presence of minute amounts of pathogens. That is the claim of a US group of researchers, who have demonstrated how a liquid crystal changes orientation in the presence of bacteria.
Technology Research News June 16, 2004	Laser Tweezer Grabs Varied Specks Researchers have advanced the use of optical tweezers with a method that allows them to simultaneously trap and independently manipulate microscopic materials that have different indices of refraction.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Fiber handles powerful pulses Researchers from Cornell University and Corning, Inc. have shown that it's possible to preserve the shape, intensity and color of a very high-power light pulse as it travels through 200 meters of a fiber-optic cable.
PC Magazine October 10, 2007 Anton Galang	Computing Sees the Light Imagine a CPU clocked at a few hundred terahertz. Physicists are close to making this happen.
Technology Research News June 16, 2004	Scheme Optimizes Light Chips Researchers have borrowed a design tool developed for mechanical engineering to improve the efficiency of nano-size optical waveguides.
Chemistry World August 3, 2011 Simon Hadlington	Liquid Crystals Rearrange to Glow in Three Colours Chemists in Japan have created a luminescent liquid crystal that can switch between three different colours when stimulated with heat and mechanical force.
Technology Research News February 25, 2004	Nanotube mix makes liquid crystal Carbon nanotubes are rolled-up sheets of carbon atoms that can be as narrow as 0.4 nanometers, or the span of four hydrogen atoms. They have useful electrical and mechanical properties and are a leading player in nanotechnology.
Technology Research News February 11, 2004 Eric Smalley	Light-storing chip charted Storing light, even briefly, was considered impossible until recently. Since scientists have proved it could be done, they've been finding different ways of accomplishing the feat. A proposal for slowing and stopping light in photonic crystal promises to bring these experiments to the chip level.
Chemistry World November 17, 2014 James Urquhart	Beetle behind breath test for bank notes Simply breathing on money could soon reveal if it's the real deal or counterfeit thanks to a beetle-inspired ink that reversibly changes color in response to humidity.
Technology Research News June 29, 2005	Crystal promises more light Spontaneous emission from chip-based devices like light-emitting diodes can lower efficiency and create noise. Researchers have created a device that can harness the energy from the emissions and put them towards positive ends.
Technology Research News June 1, 2005 Eric Smalley	Movie Captures Trapped Light Slow light, once better understood, could be used to improve devices like sensors and optical communications equipment. Researchers have moved the field forward with a way to directly observe the phenomenon.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Eric Smalley	Shock waves tune light Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have used a computer simulation to show that sending shock waves through photonic crystals could lead to faster and cheaper telecommunications devices, more efficient solar cells, and advances in quantum computing.
Technology Research News August 11, 2004	Twisted fiber filters light Researchers have devised a way to control light inside optical fiber communications lines. The method could enable faster data transmission rates in fiber-optic lines and new twists on devices like lasers and sensors.
Technology Research News January 14, 2004	Fiber optics goes nano Researchers from Harvard University, Zhejiang University in China and Tohoku University in Japan have made glass optical fibers as thin as 50 nanometers that guide light without losing much of it.
Technology Research News November 17, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Fibers Mix Light and Electricity Scientists have demonstrated that it is possible to make some semiconductor devices in optical fiber form.
Technology Research News June 18, 2003 Eric Smalley	Chip sorts colors The simple concept of proportionality is the key to a significant advance in the emerging field of integrated optics -- chips that control light rather than electricity.
Technology Research News June 2, 2004	Process Nets Cheap Microstructures Researchers from Boston College have demonstrated that it's possible to use relatively inexpensive polymers to construct tiny structures using multiphoton-absorption photopolymerization.
Technology Research News August 25, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Liquid Crystal IDs Pathogens Liquid crystal is not only the stuff of computer screens and watch displays, it is also how your cell membranes are structured. Combining the similarly structured artificial and biological materials makes a device that detects viruses and toxins.
Technology Research News September 8, 2004	Photonic Crystal Throttles Light Researchers have showed that the spacing of a photonic crystal can be used to control the timing of light emitted by a quantum dot.
IEEE Spectrum February 2009 Mark Anderson	Two Steps Toward a Terabit Internet Nonlinear optics tricks bring terabit-per-second bandwidth within reach
Technology Research News August 27, 2003	Crystal shortens infrared waves Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories have found a way to make a tungsten photonic crystal emit 1.5 micron lightwaves, which are in the near-infrared, or heat range. This makes it useful for thermal photovoltaic devices, which turn heat into electricity.
Wired September 2000 Charles Platt	Bright Switch A tiny crystal full of holes is about to smash the electronic speed limit, and in the coming photonics era, superfast optical networking is only the beginning.
Chemistry World August 8, 2012 James Urquhart	Liquid Gallium Lights Up US researchers have developed a nanomoulding technique for patterning liquid gallium that enables surface plasmons to become excited using visible light.
Chemistry World March 29, 2011	A Single Scale Tells More Than a Whole Wing Scientists in China have made zinc oxide replicas of single scales from butterfly wings to understand and exploit their optical properties for sensor and solar cell applications.
Technology Research News September 10, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Sponges grow sturdy optical fiber Primitive sea creatures from the murky depths are providing tips on how to improve one of the fundamental technologies of the information age -- optical fiber. Sea sponge spines act like fiber optics, but with some key advantages.
Military & Aerospace Electronics December 2005	European Company Optimizes Optical Fiber for High-Energy Amplification Liekki, a supplier of highly doped optical fibers in Finland, has developed an optical fiber for amplifying pulses from 1-micron lasers.
Chemistry World January 28, 2008 Lewis Brindley	Colourful Crystals Monitor Humidity Chinese chemists have developed a material that changes color according to the humidity of the air around it.
Technology Research News October 6, 2004	Crystal structure tunes nanowires A new process that controls the crystal structure of nanowires made from specific semiconductors may enable electronic components, such as light-emitting diodes and laser diodes, with tunable properties.
T.H.E. Journal November 2000	Optical Fiber Solutions for VCSEL Berk-Tek has enhanced the performance of its GIGAlite optical fiber solutions, when used with vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. GIGAlite optical fiber solutions are engineered for users who demand high-speed performance in their fiber optic-structured cabling systems...
The Motley Fool May 25, 2005 Dan Bloom	The Optical Fiber Glut Why is Corning still selling so much fiber? Investors, read on.
Technology Research News April 6, 2005 Eric Smalley	Scheme Reverses Light Pulses Researchers have developed a method for accurately time-reversing electromagnetic pulses, making it possible to receive a light pulse and return a replica of exactly the same size, shape and wavelength.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Neil Savage	Slower Light for Faster Telecom Networks Promising research could yield better optical data storage.
Chemistry World July 24, 2009 Nina Notman	Chiral isotropic liquids from achiral molecules Boomerang-shaped liquid crystal phase molecules that don't exhibit 'handedness' (chirality) have been found to form unusual chiral structures that spontaneously separate into left- and right-handed domains.
Military & Aerospace Electronics October 2004	Fiber lasers emerge as strong competitor for future laser weapons They may be applied to jet fighters, land vehicles, and perhaps even man-portable systems. And they even have the potential to edge-out other solid-state laser approaches such as slab lasers and free-electron lasers.
Chemistry World May 27, 2015 Emma Stephen	ZIF-8 disrupts ionic liquid deep freeze Researchers from Japan have combined an ionic liquid with a metal -- organic framework to produce an unusual material that retains its conductivity below -- 20 C.
Technology Research News November 5, 2003	Rig fires more photon pairs Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers have moved the field of quantum communications forward with entangled photon beams that contain specific wavelengths of light and are relatively bright.
Defense Update Issue 3, 2005	How OLED Works? OLED devices use less power and can be capable of high, higher brightness and fuller color than liquid crystal microdisplays.