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American Family Physician December 15, 2005 Alper & Curry	Urinary Tract Infection in Children Until recently, the management of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children has been controversial and based mainly on opinion, but new evidence regarding imaging studies and treatment prompted this review.
American Family Physician October 1, 2001 Michael Luszczak	Evaluation and Management of Infants and Young Children with Fever Acute febrile illness in an infant or a young child is a common clinical scenario that can be a diagnostic challenge. The evaluation is guided by the history and physical examination, along with judiciously selected screening tests...
American Family Physician March 1, 2005 Ramakrishnan & Scheid	Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pyelonephritis in Adults There are approximately 250,000 cases of acute pyelonephritis each year, resulting in more than 100,000 hospitalizations. The most common etiologic cause is infection with Escherichia coli.
American Family Physician January 15, 2006 Mark H. Ebell	Point-of-Care Guides - Treating Adult Women with Suspected UTI More than 7 million women are diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTIs) annually, making it one of the most commonly seen conditions in primary care. What is the best way to manage the condition?
American Family Physician September 15, 2006 Colgan et al.	Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults A common dilemma in clinical medicine is whether to treat asymptomatic patients who present with bacteria in their urine. There are few scenarios in which antibiotic treatment of asymptomatic bacteruria has been shown to improve patient outcomes.
American Family Physician August 1, 2005 Susan A. Mehnert-Kay	Diagnosis and Management of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections Although the incidence of urinary tract infection has not changed substantially over the last 10 years, the diagnostic criteria, bacterial resistance patterns, and recommended treatment have changed.
American Family Physician April 15, 2002 Judy D. Bremnor	Evaluation of Dysuria in Adults Dysuria is the sensation of pain, burning, or discomfort on urination. Although many physicians equate dysuria with urinary tract infection , it is actually a symptom that has many potential causes. Empiric treatment with antibiotics may be inappropriate, except in carefully selected patients...
American Family Physician March 15, 2001 Gary D. Grossfeld	Asymptomatic Microscopic Hematuria in Adults: Summary of the AUA Best Practice Policy Recommendations Blood in the urine (hematuria) can originate from any site along the urinary tract and, whether gross or microscopic, may be a sign of serious underlying disease...
American Family Physician January 1, 2004	Urinary Reflux What is a urinary reflux?... Does a UTI mean there is something wrong with my child's urinary tract?... What kind of tests will the doctor do?... How is urinary reflux treated?
American Family Physician January 15, 2001 Charles P. Mouton	Common Infections in Older Adults Despite advances in antibiotic therapy, infectious diseases continue to be a major cause of mortality in older adults. The diagnostic and therapeutic nuances of managing infections in older adults create special challenges for physicians...
American Family Physician March 15, 2005 Simerville, Maxted & Pahira	Urinalysis: A Comprehensive Review Although urinalysis is not recommended as a routine screening tool, physicians should know how to interpret urinalysis results correctly. This article reviews the correct method for performing urinalysis and the differential diagnosis for several abnormal results.
American Family Physician May 15, 2006 McDonald, Swagerty & Wetzel	Assessment of Microscopic Hematuria in Adults Microscopic hematuria, a common finding on routine urinalysis of adults, is clinically significant when three to five red blood cells per high-power field are visible.
American Family Physician January 1, 2004	Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy What is a urinary tract infection?... How do I know I have a UTI?... How will a UTI affect my baby?... How are UTIs treated?... How do I know if the medicine is not working?... Can I keep this from happening again?
American Family Physician January 1, 2004	Urinary Tract Infections in Children What is a urinary tract infection?... How will I know my child has a UTI?... What causes UTIs?... How are UTIs treated?... Can a UTI cause serious damage to the kidneys?... What if my child has UTIs again and again?
American Family Physician August 1, 2005	Urinary Tract Infections: What You Should Know A patient hand-out on the disease, its diagnosis, treatment options and prevention.
Managed Care October 2003	Making Water Run Downhill Treating severe vesicoureteral reflux involved complicated, expensive surgery. Now an injectable agent that forms a valve can lead to normal urination.
American Family Physician April 15, 2006 Karl E. Miller	Diagnosis and Treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Chlamydia trachomatis infection most commonly affects the urogenital tract. In men, the infection usually is symptomatic, with dysuria and a discharge from the penis. Most women with chlamydial infection have minimal or no symptoms, but some develop pelvic inflammatory disease.
Managed Care October 2003	Study: Treatment of UT Infection Just Phone Call Away Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be managed safely and conveniently over the phone with low recurrence rates and a low incidence of other gynecological complications, researchers reported.
American Family Physician September 15, 2001 Richard Colgan & John H. Powers	Appropriate Antimicrobial Prescribing: Approaches that Limit Antibiotic Resistance Physicians should be familiar with the clinical situations in which they should provide antibiotics and those in which they may safely be withheld...
American Family Physician May 15, 2006 James S. Millar	Evaluation and Treatment of the Child with Febrile Seizure Up to 5% of children in North America and western Europe experience at least one episode of febrile seizure before six years of age. Most of these seizures are self-limited and patients do not require treatment.
American Family Physician December 1, 2001 Andrew D. Jung	Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children Gastroesophageal reflux is a common, self-limited process in infants that usually resolves by six to 12 months of age. Effective, conservative management involves thickened feedings, positional treatment, and parental reassurance...
American Family Physician January 1, 2004	Urinary Tract Infections in Adults What causes urinary tract infections?... How do I know I have a UTI?... Why do women have UTIs more often than men?... How are UTIs treated?... What can I do if I have frequent infections?... Tips on Preventing UTIs
American Family Physician July 1, 2006 Pietrow & Karellas	Medical Management of Common Urinary Calculi Certain dietary changes can reduce risk of occurrence of kidney stones. Citrate medications will also increase levels of naturally occurring stone inhibitors.
American Family Physician January 1, 2005	Urinary Tract Infections A patient hand-out on what causes urinary tract infections, possible signs of the disease, and treatment options.
Nursing December 2010 Dumont & Wakeman	Preventing catheter-associated UTIs: Survey report This article reviews the results of the survey, discusses best practices, and provides evidence-based rationales.
American Family Physician January 1, 2004	Painful Urination Why does it sometimes hurt when I urinate?... What will I need to tell my doctor?... What kind of tests will I need to have done?... How are UTIs treated?... What can I do if I keep getting UTIs?... etc.
American Family Physician December 1, 2004 Darren M. Lynch	Cranberry for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections Systematic reviews have concluded that no reliable evidence supports the use of cranberry in the treatment or prophylaxis of urinary tract infections; however, more recent, randomized controlled trials demonstrate evidence of cranberry's utility in urinary tract infection prophylaxis.
Nursing November 2011 Jeanne Held-Warmkessel	Taming Three High-Risk Chemotherapy Complications A review of three common chemotherapy-associated complications that can be serious enough to require hospitalization: febrile neutropenia, chemotherapy-related nephrotoxicity, and chemotherapy-related enterotoxicity.
American Family Physician December 1, 2000 Patrick J. Culligan & Michael Heit	Urinary Incontinence in Women: Evalution and Management Because the prevalence of urinary incontinence increases with age, a working knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of the various types of urinary incontinence is fundamental to the care of women...
American Family Physician May 15, 2002 Alex H. Krist & Amy Crawford-Faucher	Management of Newborns Exposed to Maternal HIV Infection The management of infants whose mothers are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus involves minimizing the risk of vertical transmission of HIV, recognizing neonatal HIV infection early, preventing opportunistic infections, and addressing psychosocial issues...
American Family Physician October 1, 2003 Lo Re & Gluckman	Fever in the Returned Traveler With the rising popularity of international travel to exotic locations, family physicians are encountering more febrile patients who recently have visited tropical countries.
American Family Physician July 1, 2002 Pamela Dull	Managing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Medical and surgical options for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia have expanded in recent years.
American Family Physician August 1, 2000 Keith B. Holten & Edward M. Onusko	Appropriate Prescribing of Oral Beta-Lactam Antibiotics ...Bacterial resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics is increasing at a significant rate and has become a common problem in primary care medicine...
American Journal of Nursing June 2008 Mary C. Vrtis	Is Your Patient Taking the Right Antimicrobial? Ways in which bacteria become resistant to antimicrobials and the prevalence and costs of health care-associated infections resulting from antimicrobial resistance.
Managed Care September 2003 William Silverman	Is Selective Use of Palivizumab Appropriate in Premature Infants? In reference to the article in the May 2003 issue of Managed Care entitled "A Health Care Management Company's Experience with Palivizumab," the assertions made by William Silverman, MD, in that article deserve comment.
American Family Physician November 1, 2002 Hashim & Guillet	Common Issues in the Care of Sick Neonates Some newborn infants require observation and care that is beyond the scope of a normal newborn nursery. In many hospitals, this level of care is designated intermediate, level II, or special care nursery. Infants in these nurseries may be managed by family physicians...
American Family Physician April 1, 2002 Nadine Cox	Infant Botulism Although the worldwide incidence of infant botulism is rare, the majority of cases are diagnosed in the United States. A high index of suspicion is important for the diagnosis and prompt treatment of infant botulism, because this disease can quickly progress to respiratory failure...
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Bradway & Rodgers	Evaluation and Management of Genitourinary Emergencies Primary care NPs are often the first to identify and provide treatment for a variety of genitourinary conditions. These include acute urinary retention; priapism; obstructing renal calculi; and two acute scrotal emergencies - testes torsion and Fournier gangrene.
American Family Physician August 15, 2004 Roberts, Ostapchuk & O'Brien	Infantile Colic The physician's role is to ensure that there is no organic cause for the crying, offer balanced advice on treatments, and provide support to the family. Colic is a diagnosis of exclusion that is made after performing a careful history and physical examination to rule out less common organic causes.
American Family Physician December 1, 2000 Monica Preboth	Clinical Briefs HIV Testing for Children in Foster Care... Nutrition Guidelines for Patients on Dialysis... Exercise and Health in the Older Adult... Intervention Strategies and Treatment of Substance Abuse Problems...
American Journal of Nursing February 2009 Janet K. Specht	Assessment of Transient Urinary Incontinence in Older Adults Many caregivers erroneously consider urinary incontinence to be inevitable in older adults. Failure to identify and respond to transient urinary incontinence may lead to established incontinence and to other poor outcomes.
American Family Physician May 15, 2006	Microscopic Hematuria: What You Should Know A patient guide: What is microscopic hematuria?... What will my doctor do about the blood in my urine?... What are some risk factors for a serious problem in my urinary tract?...
Science News January 15, 2005 Christen Brownlee	The Beef about UTIs E. coli from beef cattle or other livestock may be causing drug-resistant urinary tract infections in women.
American Family Physician March 1, 2006 Robert C. Langan	Discharge Procedures for Healthy Newborns Physicians should use a checklist to facilitate discussions with new parents before discharging their healthy newborn from the hospital. The checklist should include information on breastfeeding, warning signs of illness, and ways to keep the child healthy and safe.
American Family Physician May 15, 2006	Febrile Seizures: What You Should Know A patient guide: What are febrile seizures?... Who gets febrile seizures and why?... How can my doctor tell if my child has had a febrile seizure?... What can I expect?... etc.
Chemistry World August 14, 2013 Jessica Cocker	Could wasp venom peptide keep catheters sterile? Researchers in Singapore have shown a peptide in wasp venom could be used to stop bacteria colonizing materials implanted in the body.
American Family Physician September 15, 2005 Paul Gross	Diary From a Week in Pactice This family practitioner leaves his 14-year position to work with another group... Sees a 12-year old girl with abdominal pain... Discusses his career move with patients... etc.
American Family Physician January 1, 2005	Microscopic Hematuria A patient hand-out on common causes of red blood cells in the urine and what to expect from your doctor.