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Technology Research News April 9, 2003	Alcohol powers fuel cell Researchers from St. University have developed a fuel cell that uses enzymes rather than metal and can be recharged by adding a few milliliters of alcohol. Biofuel cells could eventually be used as a replacement for any rechargeable power source, including laptop and PDA batteries.
Chemistry World November 13, 2007 Lewis Brindley	Hydrogen From Sewage Hits Production Records Scientists have drastically improved the efficiency of bacteria-powered fuel cells that convert biodegradable organic matter into hydrogen gas. They hope their discovery will make it possible to generate hydrogen from sewage, sustainably and on a large scale.
Technology Research News December 29, 2004	Alcohol Fuel Cell Goes Micro Researchers, who earlier this year developed a fuel cell using enzymes to generate electricity from ethanol, have built a microchip-based version of the device.
Technology Research News December 31, 2003	Micro fuel cell runs cool Researchers have made a tiny methane fuel cell that works at 60 degrees Celsius. They have also shown that the fuel cell can use high concentration methanol to increase its operating time.
Chemistry World December 18, 2008 Alex Hellemans	Fuel cells without platinum Looking for ways to avoid using costly and scarce platinum in fuel cells, Chinese researchers have reported details of a fuel cell that uses cheap nickel as a catalyst.
Chemistry World November 17, 2011 Ross McLaren	Giving Fuel Cells a Vitamin Boost Vitamin B12 could replace platinum catalysts in fuel cells as a cheaper alternative.
Technology Research News October 20, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Cooler material boosts fuel cells A cathode that allows solid oxide fuel cells to operate at reduced temperaures promises to lower the cost of fuel cells, which could spur broader adoption of the technology.
Technology Research News October 8, 2003	Bacteria make more electricity Researchers from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst have identified a microorganism that is particularly good at converting sugars to electricity under natural conditions.
Technology Research News February 26, 2003	Alloy lowers fuel-cell cost Scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have found a way to make fuel cells that are potentially cheaper and easier to manufacture than previous prototypes. The method is a step toward making the relatively clean energy-generating technology commercially viable.
Chemistry World February 27, 2013 Simon Hadlington	Supercharging methanol for fuel cells Scientists in Germany and Italy have discovered a way to derive hydrogen gas from methanol at low temperatures and pressures using soluble ruthenium-based 'pincer' catalysts.
Technology Research News September 22, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Fuel Cell Converts Waste to Power One problem with fuel cells is that they produce carbon monoxide, which can gum up the works. Researchers have found a way to use the carbon monoxide to produce more energy in a reaction that can take place at room temperature.
Chemistry World February 23, 2012 Russell Johnson	Powering up fuel cells A hydrogen fuel cell that uses carbon nanotubes to increase the amount of electrocatalyst attached to electrodes has been designed by UK scientists.
Chemistry World July 19, 2013 Jennifer Newton	Mobile phone powered by urine The first mobile phone battery to be directly charged by microbial fuel cells feeding on neat urine has been reported by scientists in the UK.
Chemistry World September 21, 2010 Hayley Birch	Self-pumping membrane mimics cell machinery US researchers have imitated the transport functions of biological membranes by incorporating tiny pumps into synthetic membranes. They say their 'self-pumping' mimics could be used in compartment-less fuel cells.
Chemistry World April 26, 2007 Richard Van Noorden	Hydrogen Busters go Synthetic Chemists have created a small molecule which mimics the way natural enzymes chew up hydrogen. The model should inspire designs for new catalysts that can break up hydrogen in fuel cells; or (running in reverse) help produce the fuel for a hydrogen economy.
Chemistry World February 13, 2015 Tim Wogan	GM bacteria convert solar energy to liquid fuels A new scheme for storing the energy from photovoltaic cells, in which genetically modified bacteria reduce carbon dioxide to liquid fuels with hydrogen from water-splitting, has been proposed and partially demonstrated.
Chemistry World October 2011	Fuelling the Future Fuel cell vehicles have taken a back seat to battery and hybrid power in recent years. But hydrogen still holds promise in the long term.
CIO January 1, 2003 Susannah Patton	Bye-Bye Batteries Imagine chatting on your cell phone for months at a time without recharging it. Or taking a laptop on a weeklong business trip without a battery or power cord. That's the goal of scientists around the world working to perfect tiny fuel cells using microtechnology engineering.
Chemistry World March 2006 Joe McEntee	Fuel Cells Head for Mass Market At the end of the day, wide-scale commercialization is a numbers game and developers will prosper or perish based on how they fare against metrics such as durability, reliability, cost and, most brutal of all, profitability. It's time to start delivering.
CIO June 16, 2010 John Brandon	Should Fuel Cells Power Your Data Center? Fuel cells are highly reliable and environmentally friendly, making them attractive to companies that want a greener data center. But they aren't for everyone.
National Defense February 2004 Geoff S. Fein	Military Fuel-Cell Programs Not Yet Ready for Prime Time While the commercial industry is taking significant steps forward in the adoption of fuel cell technology, military researchers are taking a wait-and-see approach, expressing concern that fuel cells so far have not proven they can work in combat environments.
Chemistry World August 27, 2010 Leigh Krietsch Boerner	Bio battery based on cellular power plant Mitochondria, often called the powerhouse of the cell, have been harnessed in a new battery-like device that could one day power small portable devices like mobile phones or laptops.
Chemistry World January 28, 2014 Katia Moskvitch	Sweet success for bio-battery Rechargeable, energy-dense bio-batteries running on sugar might be powering our electronic gadgets in as little as three years, according to a US team of scientists.
Technology Research News May 18, 2005	Catalyst Boosts Gasoline Fuel Cells Researchers have come up with a catalyst layer that can be put over a conventional anode to reform the fuel within the fuel cell. This allows hydrocarbons like gasoline to be used directly in fuel cells.
Chemistry World February 29, 2008 Michael Gross	Modified Nanotubes Catalyse Fuel Cell A new type of catalyst made by attaching platinum nanoparticles to nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes could be used to oxidise methanol in fuel cells, thanks to work by Chinese chemists.
Chemistry World June 9, 2006 Katharine Sanderson	Sulfur Removal Fuels Fuel Cell Future The arrival of materials that prevent sulfur-poisoning of fuel cells working at high temperatures adds to hopes that fuel cells will make it into the mainstream as an alternative energy source.
Chemistry World February 28, 2014 Tim Wogan	Fuel cells put in the frame with catalysts that need far less platinum US scientists have created an exceptional fuel cell catalyst that contains far less platinum -- conventional catalysts need 36 times more platinum to hit the same levels of activity.
Technology Research News December 17, 2003	Solid fuel cell works in heat California Institute of Technology researchers have built a type of fuel cell that uses a solid acid electrolyte and either hydrogen or methanol as fuel. It could eventually be used to power cars.
Chemistry World October 31, 2011 Phillip Broadwith	Pee-powered fuel cell turns urine to energy Urine-powered fuel cells could generate electricity and reclaim essential nutrients directly from human and animal waste, say UK scientists.
Chemistry World March 24, 2009 Lewis Brindley	Producing powerful palladium particles US scientists have found a way to clean up the production of palladium nanoparticles - doubling their performance as catalysts for fuel cells.
Chemistry World February 5, 2009 Simon Hadlington	Carbon nanotube catalysts 'better than platinum' Researchers in the US have developed a novel catalyst based on carbon nanotubes for the electrochemical reduction of oxygen.
Chemistry World March 1, 2006 Jon Evans	New Catalyst for Methanol Fuel Cells Chemists have created what they say is a cheap and efficient catalyst for oxidizing methanol that could accelerate the widespread adoption of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).
Chemistry World December 3, 2009 Hayley Birch	Bio-Inspired Catalyst Design Could Rival Platinum French scientists have demonstrated the potential of a new fuel cell catalyst inspired by hydrogenase enzymes.
Technology Research News June 15, 2005	Power Sources: Fuel Cells, Solar Cells, Heat, Vibration and Fusion Summaries of how each of these power sources work to create energy.
Chemistry World April 10, 2012 Andy Extance	Microfluidic Fuel Cell Powers Forward Researchers have challenged prevailing fuel cell wisdom by throwing out three standard characteristics of today's mainstream systems to drive down their cost.
Technology Research News July 30, 2003	Munching microbes feed fuel cell Researchers from the Ernst Moritz Arndt University in Germany have found a way to harvest the energy needed to power a fuel cell from chemical reactions that occur when E. coli bacteria consume sugar.
IEEE Spectrum February 2013 Lucas Laursen	Plugging In to Plant Roots Marsh grasses can power small fuel cells. Cast-off electrons in a plant's roots can provide electricity, a Dutch team reports.
Technology Research News March 24, 2004	Bacteria make clean power The Penn State researchers' microbial fuel cell is fueled by wastewater skimmed from the settling pond of a treatment plant, and the process of drawing electricity from the microbial action taking place in the wastewater also cleans the water.
Reactive Reports March 2005 David Bradley	Fuel Cells US scientists have demonstrated a significant boost to fuel cells that could also cut costs. By coating the cathode with a thin layer of platinum instead of using solid metal, efficiency is raised by ten percent and the use of expensive platinum can be reduced.
PC World November 5, 2002 Charles Bermant	Next-Gen Batteries May Get Constant Charge Start-up explores fuel cell technology to boost life -- or capabilities -- of mobile devices.
Chemistry World September 23, 2010 Jon Cartwright	Catalyst improves prospects for fuel cells Chemists in the US have developed a new catalyst that could help in a key reaction used to generate hydrogen for fuel cells.
IEEE Spectrum July 2006 Prachi Patel-Predd	Traveling Light On a three-day mission, a Special Forces soldier might lug along 12 kilograms of batteries. But now the military is developing micro fuel cells that could weigh half as much as batteries, and could be recharged -- or rather refilled.
IndustryWeek September 1, 2008 Jill Jusko	Fuel Cell Industry Gains Traction Opportunity grows with increased desire for energy efficiency and awareness of climate change.
InternetNews May 18, 2006 Tim Scannell	Samsung Pact Fuels Battery Development MTI Micro Fuel Cells has made a pact with Samsung Electronics to develop micro fuel cells for mobile systems.
IndustryWeek April 1, 2007 Jill Jusko	Ready For Prime Time Fuel cells remain a work in progress, but products are available for purchase now.
National Defense September 2006 Grace Jean	Fuel Cell Technology Positioned as Viable Alternative to Generators Developers of fuel cell technologies are confident that they can answer the call for "more power on the battlefield."
IEEE Spectrum August 2008 William Sweet	A Connecticut Fuel Cell In South Korea's Grid Breakthrough contracts revive hydrogen hopes in electric power
Chemistry World October 11, 2007 Jonathan Edwards	'Tuneable' Polymer Can Separate Anything An international team of scientists have made a polymer with pores which can be fine-tuned to speedily separate different small molecules -- with applications ranging from carbon capture to fuel cells.
Chemistry World May 14, 2009 Hayley Birch	Two metals better than one for fuel cell catalysts US scientists have reported a dramatic improvement in the activity of catalytic nanoparticles destined to replace platinum in fuel cells.
IndustryWeek July 1, 2008 John Teresko	A New Material Benefits Fuel Cells MIT boosts power output more than 50% with a lower-cost material.