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Finance & Development December 1, 2006 Bio-Tchane & Christensen	Right Time for Africa Africa needs to build on its recent success to catch up. A forward-looking reform agenda should aim to maintain macroeconomic stability, improve the business climate, promote trade, and, most important, strengthen fiscal institutions.
Finance & Development December 1, 2006 McDonald et al.	Enticing Investors To make a serious dent in poverty, Africa must attract more foreign capital. Portfolio investment has the potential to raise market efficiency and deepen financial intermediation while safeguarding financial sector soundness.
Finance & Development September 1, 2005 Berg & Qureshi	The MDGs: Building Momentum A big push on aid is not the sole answer. International development policy needs to move beyond aid and aim for actions that, together with stronger reforms in developing countries, cohere into a broader big push.
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Evangelos A. Calamitsis	The Need for Stronger Domestic Policies and International Support Globalization is a powerful engine of world prosperity, and it is certainly here to stay. Income disparities remain large. The basic issue is what policies and reforms are most likely to bring about sustainable economic growth for the benefit of all the peoples of the world.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Ernesto Hernandez-Cata	Raising Growth and Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Can Be Done? Sub-Saharan Africa must increase economic growth to reduce poverty and improve living standards. This article discusses some obstacles to growth in the region, as well as some policy actions that would improve its prospects.
Finance & Development September 2010	Regaining Momentum Progress on the Millennium Development Goals has been slowed by the crisis. The rest of the world has to help.
Finance & Development June 1, 2001 Paul Cashin	Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Reduction: Some Cross-Country Evidence What is currently known about how countries' choices of macroeconomic policies affect their incidences of poverty, and what are the most promising directions for further investigation of this important relationship?
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Masood Ahmed & Hugh Bredenkamp	Supporting Poverty Reduction in Low-Income Developing Countries: The International Community's Response Despite developing countries' improved economic growth rates during the 1990s, poverty has remained firmly entrenched. How can developing countries, international financial institutions, and developed countries work together more effectively to reduce the incidence of poverty?
Finance & Development September 2008 Masood Ahmed	The Next Frontier Low-income countries gain ground in a globalized world, but they still face major challenges.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Nora Lustig & Nicholas Stern	Broadening the Agenda for Poverty Reduction: Opportunity, Empowerment, Security Experience from the 1990s has led to a poverty reduction agenda that, in addition to promoting economic growth, addresses ingrained inequalities, institutional failures, social barriers, and other risks.
Finance & Development September 1, 2005 Andrews et al.	Ethiopia: Scaling Up Assessing the impact of a dramatic increase in aid on one of Africa's poorest countries.
Finance & Development September 2011	A Bigger Slice of a Growing Pie Developing the financial sector accelerates economic growth and can enhance income equality.
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Saavedra & Arias	Stuck in a Rut Avenues for combating persistent poverty and inequality in Latin America.
Finance & Development March 1, 2006 Zagha, Nankani & Gill	Rethinking Growth Economists are reconsidering what they really know about economic growth and how to go about formulating global national policies in the absence of reliable models.
Finance & Development September 2008 Gupta & Tareq	Mobilizing Revenue Strengthening domestic revenue bases is key to creating fiscal space for Africa's developmental needs
Finance & Development September 1, 2001 Sanjeev Gupta	Debt Relief and Public Health Spending in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries The Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative, launched in 1996, was the first comprehensive effort by the international community to reduce the external debt of the world's poorest countries...
Finance & Development September 2010	Making a Breakthrough To accelerate progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, growth must happen in sectors that directly benefit the poor, such as agriculture.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Berg & Krueger	Lifting All Boats: Why Openness Helps Curb Poverty It is important to assess the quality of the evidence regarding the links between openness, growth, and poverty reduction. This article provides a critical survey of recent studies.
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Nsouli & Le Gall	The New International Financial Architecture and Africa African countries have made progress on various elements of the new architecture, but more work is needed---in particular, to enhance transparency and accountability, implement standards and codes, and strengthen financial systems.
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Justin Yifu Lin	Straight Talk: Shifting Perceptions of Poverty Revised poverty statistics may improve understanding of the economic development process.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Nora Lustig & Omar Arias	Poverty Reduction Although Latin America and the Caribbean reduced the incidence of poverty during the 1990s, population increases and the greater income inequalities that had developed during the 1980s stymied the region's efforts to reduce the number of poor people. How can its policymakers fight poverty most effectively and better protect the poor during economic crises?
Finance & Development June 1, 2005 Baldacci et al.	What Does It Take to Help the Poor Spending on education and health can boost human capital in poor countries and help them reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but only if governments are held accountable.
Finance & Development March 1, 2006 Johnson, Ostry & Subramanian	Levers for Growth In terms of today's low-income countries, an emphasis on macroeconomic stability, trade liberalization, and avoidance of exchange rate overvaluation can potentially sustain a self-reinforcing spiral in which growth in manufactured exports creates constituencies for further reform and growth.
Finance & Development December 2009 Ravi Kanbur	Poverty, Disconnected Why soup kitchens may be fuller than ever, even as official statistics suggest poverty is coming down.
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 Sergio Pereira Leite	Human Rights and the IMF Human rights and macroeconomic stability are far from incompatible. Rather, they both play crucial roles in the fight against poverty. By supporting sound economic policies and encouraging constructive dialogue within civil society, the IMF contributes to human rights.
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Singh & Collyns	Latin America's Resurgence Latin America's recent resurgence amid continuing favorable external conditions provides another historic opportunity for the region to catalyze its considerable natural and human capital resources into sustained and higher growth.
Finance & Development September 1, 2005 Jean-Baptiste Compaore	Burkina Faso: Greater Capacity In Burkina Faso, only about 70% of aid committed by donors is effectively disbursed. Improving absorption capacity is crucial if a scaling up of aid is to be effective in growing its economy.
Finance & Development June 1, 2002 Brian Ames	Taking Stock of Poverty Reduction Efforts What exactly is a poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSP), the centerpiece of the international community's new assault on poverty? It is essentially a road map prepared by countries themselves to help them better target public policies in support of poverty reduction.
Finance & Development June 1, 2006 Gulde & Pattillo	Adding Depth Africa can achieve even higher economic growth through financial sector reform.
Finance & Development September 1, 2001 David Dollar & Aart Kraay	Trade, Growth, and Poverty How has many developing countries' increased participation in international trade affected their economic growth rates, and what implications has this had for the international distribution of income and the incidence of poverty?
Finance & Development March 1, 2002 Kevin Watkins	Making Globalization Work for the Poor In the view of the IMF, the World Bank, and most northern governments, removing barriers to trade is one of the most powerful things that governments can do to give the poor a bigger stake in global prosperity...
Finance & Development December 2011 Antoinette Sayeh	The Quality of Growth The questions that continually nag at me concern the quality of this growth in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, is it inclusive -- are the poor and the young benefiting -- and is it sustainable?
Finance & Development December 1, 2006 Christensen et al.	Bankable Assets Africa faces many obstacles in developing financial systems. New markets and institutions need to be able to flourish.
Finance & Development June 1, 2002 Sanjeev Gupta	Is the PRGF Living Up to Expectations? When the IMF launched the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) in 1999, it envisaged some far-reaching changes in its operations. But is this new facility living up to expectations?
Finance & Development June 1, 2002 Emanuele Baldacci	Financial Crises, Poverty, and Income Distribution How do financial crises affect income distribution and the poor? A recent IMF study shows that poverty rises and, in some cases, so does inequality -- underscoring the need for adequate and flexible safety nets, ideally in place before crises strike.
Finance & Development June 1, 2002 Peter S. Heller & Sanjeev Gupta	Challenges in Expanding Aid Flows The international community is calling for an increase in foreign development aid to 0.7 percent of industrial country GNP from 0.24 percent of GNP at present. But a large increase in aid flows could pose a number of challenges for the poorest countries.
Finance & Development March 1, 2007 Claessens & Feijen	From Credit to Crops Because financial sector development can play a significant role in reducing not only income poverty but also undernourishment, it can contribute substantially to attaining the number one Millennium Development Goal.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Caroline M. Robb	How the Poor Can Have a Voice in Government Policy Development thinking has changed significantly in recent years. Policymakers have recognized the ability of the poor to make a valuable contribution to the analysis of poverty and are consulting them directly. This new participatory approach has resulted in a broader definition of poverty and better-informed public policies that are more responsive to the needs of the poor.
Finance & Development March 2011 Nicolas Eyzaguirre	Sustaining Latin America's Transformation Building on recent successes, Latin America now has a chance to raise its profile in the global marketplace.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Leonardo Cardemil, Juan Carlos Di Tata, & Florencia Frantischek	Central America: Adjustment and Reforms in the 1990s Following a weak performance in the 1980s, the Central American economies experienced a turnaround in the 1990s as they adopted improved policies within a more stable political environment. Now, how can they best maintain macroeconomic stability, continue structural reforms, and strengthen social policies to maximize rates of economic growth and reduce the incidence of poverty?
Finance & Development December 1, 2001 G.E. Gondwe	Making Globalization Work in Africa There is no doubt that economic growth rates in sub-Saharan Africa have lagged far behind those of other regions and that Africa is the region least integrated into the global economy.
Finance & Development September 1, 2005 Basil P. Mramba	Tanzania: 'Smart' Partnerships A clear national development vision upon which donor support can be anchored is critical for ensuring that aid is well used.
Finance & Development December 1, 2006 Gupta & Yang	Unblocking Trade To underpin growth, Africa needs to adopt a comprehensive approach to boosting trade. Only by adopting a holistic approach can African economies succeed.
Finance & Development March 1, 2001 Danny M. Leipziger	The Unfinished Poverty Agenda: Why Latin America and the Caribbean Lag Behind Compared with East Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean have made very little progress in reducing poverty rates since the 1980s, largely because of sluggish growth...
Finance & Development June 1, 2007 Ulrich Jacoby	Getting Together China is itself a developing country, but it is also fast becoming a major player in the development of sub-Saharan Africa.
Finance & Development September 1, 2002 Shang-Jin Wei	Is Globalization Good for the Poor in China? Developing countries worry that opening up to trade with the rest of the world may make the poor poorer and the rich richer, with China sometimes cited as an example of growing income inequality. A recent IMF study, however, finds that the reality is far more complex.
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Dani Rodrik	Growth Versus Poverty Reduction: A Hollow Debate
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Eduardo Aninat	Chile in the 1990s: Embracing Development Opportunities A review of Chile's recent economic performance shows that, overall, the 1990s were a period of vigorous and unprecedented expansion, with average annual GDP growth of 6.5 percent. While 1999 was a time of economic adjustment after the fallout of the Asian crisis, Chile is now ready to resume healthy growth in 2000 and beyond..
Finance & Development June 1, 2001	Bulletin IMFC Meeting Endorses IMF Crisis Prevention Efforts... IMF in the process of change... The IMF's Role in Poverty Reduction... IMF Acts to Streamline and Focus Conditionality...
Finance & Development December 1, 2000 Gupta, Hammond, Leete, & Swanson	Progress Toward the International Development Goals It is easy to lose track of the improvements that have occurred over time in the lives of poor people in many developing countries....