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American Family Physician September 15, 2003 Richie & Francis	Diagnostic Approach to Polyarticular Joint Pain Polyarticular joint pain (i.e., pain in more than four joints) poses a diagnostic challenge because of the extensive differential diagnosis. Consequently, family physicians need to keep the diagnosis open in evaluating patients who present with pain in multiple joints.
American Family Physician July 15, 2006 Junnila & Cartwright	Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Children: Part II. Rheumatic Causes Primary care physicians should have a working knowledge of rheumatic diseases of childhood that manifest primarily as musculoskeletal pain. Children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis can present with painless joint inflammation and may have normal results on rheumatologic tests.
American Family Physician July 1, 2006 Junnila & Cartwright	Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Children: Part I. Initial Evaluation Musculoskeletal pain can be difficult for children to characterize. A logical and consistent approach to diagnosis is recommended, with judicious use of laboratory and radiologic testing.
American Family Physician September 1, 2003 Calmbach & Hutchens	Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part II. Differential Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
American Family Physician October 15, 2002 Thomas J. Zuber	Knee Joint Aspiration and Injection Knee joint aspiration and injection are performed to aid in diagnosis and treatment of knee joint diseases. The knee joint is the most common and the easiest joint for the physician to aspirate.
Nurse Practitioner June 2011 Eva Hardy	Gout Diagnosis and Management: What NPs Need to Know Because primary care providers diagnose and treat the vast majority of patients with gout, it is important that they understand current guidelines and evidence-based practice.
American Family Physician September 15, 2005 Rindfleisch & Muller	Diagnosis and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common inflammatory arthritis, affecting 0.8 percent of the adult population worldwide. It is a lifelong disease, although patients can go into remission. Physicians must be aware of common comorbidities.
American Family Physician July 15, 2002 Dennis A. Cardone & Alfred F. Tallia	Joint and Soft Tissue Injection In this overview, the indications, contraindications, potential side effects, timing, proper technique, necessary materials, pharmaceuticals used and their actions, and post-procedure care of patients are presented.
American Family Physician July 15, 2001 Swagerty & Hellinger	Radiographic Assessment of Osteoarthritis Worldwide, osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and it is among the most prevalent and disabling chronic conditions in the United States.
American Family Physician June 15, 2004 Kataria, & Brent	Spondyloarthropathies Identification, features and strength of recommendations of this diverse group of inflammatory arthritides.
American Family Physician November 1, 2005 Forman, Forman & Rose	A Clinical Approach to Diagnosing Wrist Pain Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate and treat a patient with wrist pain. A detailed history alone may lead to a specific diagnosis in approximately 70% of patients who have wrist pain.
American Family Physician November 1, 2005 Golden & Vikram	Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: An Overview The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be elusive, necessitating a high index of suspicion. Physicians should obtain a thorough history focusing on risk behaviors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis.
American Family Physician December 1, 2002 Cardone & Tallia	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Elbow Region Joint injection of the elbow is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. In this article, the injection procedures for the elbow joint, medial and lateral epicondylitis, and olecranon bursitis are reviewed.
American Family Physician July 15, 2004 Tracy Aldridge	Diagnosing Heel Pain in Adults A thorough history and a physical examination of the lower extremity should be conducted to locate the pain, define its attributes, and narrow the differential diagnosis.
Nursing July 2011 Susan Simmons	Recognizing and Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis Here's what rheumatoid arthritis is, how it's diagnosed and treated, and what you can do to help patients manage the disease.
American Family Physician December 1, 2003 Roth & Basello	Approach to the Adult Patient with Fever of Unknown Origin A thorough history, physical examination, and standard laboratory testing remain the basis of the initial evaluation of the patient with FUO.
American Family Physician May 15, 2005 Hahn et al.	Evaluation of Poststreptococcal Illness Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and rarely asymptomatic carrier states are associated with a number of poststreptococcal suppurative and nonsuppurative complications.
American Family Physician December 1, 2003 Dwayne C. Clark	Common Acute Hand Infections Hand infections can result in significant morbidity if not appropriately diagnosed and treated. Host factors, location, and circumstances of the infection are important guides to initial treatment strategies.
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Bradway & Rodgers	Evaluation and Management of Genitourinary Emergencies Primary care NPs are often the first to identify and provide treatment for a variety of genitourinary conditions. These include acute urinary retention; priapism; obstructing renal calculi; and two acute scrotal emergencies - testes torsion and Fournier gangrene.
American Family Physician May 15, 2003 Cardone & Tallia	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Hip and Knee Joint injection of the hip and knee regions is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. In this article, the injection procedure for the greater trochanteric bursa, the knee joint, the pes anserine bursa, the iliotibial band, and the prepatellar bursa is reviewed.
American Family Physician October 1, 2003 Tallia & Cardone	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Ankle and Foot Joint and soft tissue injection of the ankle and foot region is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. This article reviews the injection procedure for the plantar fascia, ankle joint, tarsal tunnel, interdigital space, and first metatarsophalangeal joint.
American Family Physician September 1, 2003 Calmbach & Hutchens	Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part I History, physical examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests
Nursing August 2009 Pullen et al.	Putting a face on systemic lupus erythematosus In this article, we'll tell you how to assess a patient for SLE and what to teach her about managing this chronic disorder.
American Family Physician March 15, 2003 Tallia et al.	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Shoulder Region The shoulder is the site of multiple injuries and inflammatory conditions that lend themselves to diagnostic and therapeutic injection. This article covers the anatomy, pathology, diagnosis, and injection technique of common sites in which this skill is applicable.
American Family Physician October 1, 2002	Joint Aspiration and Injection What is knee joint aspiration and injection?... How is the procedure performed?... Are there risks with needle aspiration and injection?... If I had a large amount of fluid removed from the joint, can it come back?...
American Family Physician June 1, 2002 S. Craig Humphreys	Neuroimaging in Low Back Pain Patients commonly present to family physicians with low back pain. Because the majority of patients fully or partially recover within six weeks, imaging studies are generally not recommended in the first month of acute low back pain.
American Family Physician May 15, 2006 Karl E. Miller	Diagnosis and Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections If left untreated, N. gonorrhoeae infections can disseminate to other areas of the body, which commonly causes synovium and skin infections. Disseminated gonococcal infection presents as a few skin lesions that are limited to the extremities.
AskMen.com June 8, 2003 Mike Davison	Dealing With Arthritis There are over 100 different types of arthritis (lumped in the rheumatic disorders group), but the two most common forms are osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
American Family Physician March 15, 2006 Cassas Cassettari-Wayhs	Childhood and Adolescent Sports-Related Overuse Injuries Each year in the United States, approximately 30 million children and teenagers participate in organized sports. Youth sports participation carries an inherent risk of injury, including overuse injuries. Here are key recommendations for practices.
Nursing January 2010 Brenner & Krenzer	Understanding acute pancreatitis Mr. White has classic signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis. The onset is usually abrupt, often occurring after a large meal or excessive alcohol use.
American Family Physician November 1, 2005 Eddie Needham	Management of Acute Renal Failure Acute renal failure is an acute loss of kidney function that occurs over days to weeks and results in an inability to appropriately excrete nitrogenous wastes and creatinine. In spite of this rapid decline in kidney function, patients with acute renal failure often have few symptoms.
American Family Physician March 1, 2002 Ralph Hinton	Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Considerations Osteoarthritis is not an inevitable consequence of aging. It is an acquired degenerative process that can be managed effectively by family physicians...
Nursing November 2011 Jeanne Held-Warmkessel	Taming Three High-Risk Chemotherapy Complications A review of three common chemotherapy-associated complications that can be serious enough to require hospitalization: febrile neutropenia, chemotherapy-related nephrotoxicity, and chemotherapy-related enterotoxicity.
American Family Physician June 1, 2003 Leung & Sigalet	Acute Abdominal Pain in Children Acute abdominal pain in children presents a diagnostic dilemma. Although many cases of acute abdominal pain are benign, some require rapid diagnosis and treatment to minimize morbidity. Numerous disorders can cause abdominal pain.
American Family Physician April 15, 2006 Karl E. Miller	Diagnosis and Treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Chlamydia trachomatis infection most commonly affects the urogenital tract. In men, the infection usually is symptomatic, with dysuria and a discharge from the penis. Most women with chlamydial infection have minimal or no symptoms, but some develop pelvic inflammatory disease.
American Family Physician August 15, 2000 Harry D. Mckinnon	Evaluating the Febrile Patient with a Rash The differential diagnosis for febrile patients with a rash is extensive...
Nursing September 2008 Susan Simmons Holcomb	Acute Abdomen: What a Pain! So many things - some life-threatening - can cause abdominal pain. Here's how to capture the clues quickly and accurately.
Nursing February 2010 Daniel A. Hussar	New Drugs 2010, PART 1 In this article, you'll learn about 16 new drugs.
American Family Physician March 15, 2002 Stephen K. Lane & Joseph W. Gravel, Jr.	Clinical Utility of Common Serum Rheumatologic Tests Many serum rheumatologic tests have been available for fewer than 10 years. As a result, some physicians are not fully aware of the indications, sensitivity, specificity, cost and clinical utility of these tests...
AskMen.com Alex Santoso	Dealing With Arthritis For many men, joint problems cause significant disruption in their lives, as simple everyday activities such as walking, dressing and bathing become very painful. Osteoarthritis, the most common type of arthritis, is painful but treatable.
Nursing April 2010 Powers & Burchell	Sepsis alert: Avoiding the shock Early recognition of sepsis and early goal-directed therapy can sometimes halt the progression of sepsis to severe sepsis and septic shock. Rapid response and aggressive care can improve patient outcomes in a critical situation.
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Yvonne D'Arcy	Is Low Back Pain Getting on Your Nerves? The pain and disability of low back pain are the most common reasons patients seek healthcare. Here are tools for diagnosis and treatment options.
American Family Physician October 1, 2003 Lo Re & Gluckman	Fever in the Returned Traveler With the rising popularity of international travel to exotic locations, family physicians are encountering more febrile patients who recently have visited tropical countries.
Nursing August 2011 Sandra C. Voda	Bad breaks: A nurse's guide to distal radius fractures The most common upper extremity fracture, distal radius fracture accounts for an estimated 17% of fractures treated in the United States emergency departments and 16% of all fractures treated by orthopedic surgeons.
American Journal of Nursing June 2008 Hart et al.	Acute Respiratory Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance It is important that nurses understand antimicrobial resistance and learn how to help patients, family members, and friends manage acute respiratory infections appropriately.
American Family Physician September 15, 2006 Wong et al.	Guidelines for the Use of Antibiotics in Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections To help physicians with the appropriate use of antibiotics in children and adults with upper respiratory tract infection, a multidisciplinary team evaluated existing guidelines and summarized key practice points.
American Journal of Nursing November 2011 Christine L. Cutugno	The 'Graying' of Trauma Care: Addressing Traumatic Injury in Older Adults Evidence-based strategies for managing trauma and its complications in this population.
Nursing April 2010 Michelle D. Smeltzer	Making a point about open fractures This article describes fractures, explains the difference between open and closed fractures, and tells how to care for a patient who's had an open fracture.
Nursing January 2011 Carl A. Kirton	HIV: The Changing Epidemic Since its emergence in the early 1980s, HIV infection in the United States has evolved from an acute debilitating condition to a chronic, treatable illness.
American Family Physician November 1, 2000 Neil Abramson & Becky Melton	Leukocytosis: Basics of Clinical Assessment Leukocytosis, a common laboratory finding, is most often due to relatively benign conditions (infections or inflammatory processes). Much less common but more serious causes include primary bone marrow disorders...